Cumulative Normal Distribution

Vensim doesn’t have a function for the cumulative normal distribution, but it’s easy to implement via a macro. I used to use a polynomial cited in Numerical Recipes (error function, Ch. 6.2):

:MACRO: NCDF(x)
NCDF = 1-Complementary Normal CDF
~	dmnl
~		|
Complementary Normal CDF=
ERFCy/2
~	dmnl
~		|
ERFCy = IF THEN ELSE(y>=0,ans,2-ans)
~	dmnl
~	http://www.library.cornell.edu/nr/bookcpdf/c6-2.pdf
|
y = x/sqrt(2)
~	dmnl
~		|
ans=t*exp(-z*z-1.26551+t*(1.00002+t*(0.374092+t*(0.0967842+
t*(-0.186288+t*(0.278868+t*(-1.1352+t*(1.48852+
t*(-0.822152+t*0.170873)))))))))
~	dmnl
~		|
t=1/(1+0.5*z)
~	dmnl
~		|
z = ABS(y)
~	dmnl
~		|
:END OF MACRO:

I recently discovered a better approximation here, from algorithm 26.2.17 in Abromowitz and Stegun, Handbook of Mathematical Functions:

:MACRO: NCDF2(x)
NCDF2 =  IF THEN ELSE(x >= 0,
(1 - c * exp( -x * x / 2 ) * t *
( t *( t * ( t * ( t * b5 + b4 ) + b3 ) + b2 ) + b1 )),  ( c * exp( -x * x / 2 ) * t *
( t *( t * ( t * ( t * b5 + b4 ) + b3 ) + b2 ) + b1 ))
)
~     dmnl
~     From http://www.sitmo.com/doc/Calculating_the_Cumulative_Normal_Distribution
Implements algorithm 26.2.17 from Abromowitz and Stegun, Handbook of Mathematical 
Functions. It has a maximum absolute error of 7.5e^-8.
http://www.math.sfu.ca/
|
c  =  0.398942
~     dmnl
~           |
t = IF THEN ELSE( x >= 0, 1/(1+p*x), 1/(1-p*x))
~     dmnl
~           |
b5 =  1.33027
~     dmnl
~           |
b4 = -1.82126
~     dmnl
~           |
b3 =  1.78148
~     dmnl
~           |
b2 = -0.356564
~     dmnl
~           |
b1 =  0.319382
~     dmnl
~           |
p  =  0.231642
~     dmnl
~           |
:END OF MACRO:

In advanced Vensim versions, paste the macro into the header of your model (View>As Text). Otherwise, you can implement the equations inside the macro directly in your model.